Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, S.163A -- Motor Accident Claim -- Standard of Proof -- Motor accident claim proceedings must be decided on the standard of preponderance of probability and not proo..

Indian Penal Code, 1860, S.498A -- Cruelty to Wife -- Unlawful Demand -- General and omnibus allegations of torture or cruelty without specific instances, particular dates, or definite perso..

Civil Procedure Code, 1908, O.VIII R.9 -- Additional Written Statement -- Wholly Inconsistent Defence -- A defendant cannot file an additional written statement under O.VIII R.9 CPC at an ad..

Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, S.141 -- Dishonour of Cheque -- Vicarious Liability -- Vicarious criminal liability under S.141 cannot be fastened on an office bearer of a society merely b..

Service Law -- Annual Confidential Report -- Every ACR Entry Affecting Promotional Prospects -- Every entry in the ACR of a public servant must be communicated to the employee if it adversel..

Criminal Procedure Code, 1973, S.173(8) -- Further Investigation -- Magistrate's Prior Leave -- Prior leave of the concerned Magistrate is a mandatory requirement before police conduct furth..

Criminal Procedure Code, 1973, S.482 -- Quashing -- Quashing of FIR Does Not Amount to Acquittal -- Quashing of criminal proceedings under S.482 CrPC on the ground of omnibus and unspecific ..

Indian Penal Code, 1860, S.498A -- Cruelty to Wife -- Unlawful Demand -- Explanation (b) to S.498A covers any unlawful demand by the husband or his family and is not limited to demands for d..

Conviction for attempt to murder under Section 307 IPC requires proof of two essential elements: intention or knowledge to cause death, and an actual act toward committing murder. Gravity of..

Advocates are duty-bound to place before the court all relevant precedents, including judgments adverse to their client's case. Independently, the court itself has a tri-fold duty to apply c..

Exclusion of natural heirs from a Will does not, by itself, constitute a suspicious circumstance invalidating the Will. The purpose of a Will is precisely to alter the normal line of success..

Threatening to upload a woman's private bathing video on social media constitutes "imputing unchastity" under Section 506 Part II of the Indian Penal Code. The concept of "unchastity" must b..