Registration of an FIR on the statement of a police official who witnessed the incident is valid and its authenticity cannot be doubted merely because no complaint was filed by the victim. U..

Under Section 149 of the IPC, every member of an unlawful assembly is vicariously liable for acts committed by any member in furtherance of the common object. Absence of a specific eyewitnes..

The procedural safeguard under Section 50 of the NDPS Act, requiring intimation of the right to be searched before a Gazetted Officer or Magistrate, applies only to personal body searches an..

Statutory presumption under Section 113B of the Indian Evidence Act in a dowry death case under Section 304B of the IPC is triggered only after the prosecution strictly proves that the decea..

Acquittal of a co-accused or failure of a conspiracy charge under Section 120B of the IPC does not automatically result in acquittal of a public servant on the substantive charge under Secti..

Under Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, prosecution of directors for cheque dishonour is contingent upon arraignment of the company as an accused. Commission of the offence by t..

Statements made by an accused under Section 313 of CrPC, though not evidence on oath, can be used to support a conviction where they corroborate the prosecution's case. Once execution and si..

An application under Section 156(3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure lies before a Magistrate where police fails to act on a cognizable complaint. Fabrication of court decrees and forgery o..

Cheque dishonour proceedings under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 are quasi-criminal and primarily compensatory in nature. Trial courts must refer all such cases to medi..

Section 499 IPC makes no distinction between first-time publication of defamatory content and redisplaying content already published on another platform. Prior existence of defamatory materi..

A private settlement agreement cannot dissolve a statutory marriage absent a decree or proved custom. However, such an agreement is relevant evidence to determine whether parties are living ..

Power to freeze a bank account during investigation must be exercised sparingly and only upon recording reasons demonstrating a live and proximate link between the account and the alleged cr..